lithium iron phosphate VS high nickel materials, who is more promising
At present, the mainstream of power battery is still lithium iron phosphate battery and multiple lithium battery.
Compared with multiple lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries do not contain precious metals such as cobalt and nickel, and have two advantages at the cost end —— Low raw materials and cheap processing. From 2014 to 2019, the cost of lithium iron phosphate batteries in China fell by about 60-70 percent; in 2020, lithium iron phosphate battery packs were about 15 percent cheaper than ternary lithium batteries.
however, the lithium iron phosphate battery has a short plate, i.e., low energy density. Multiple lithium batteries have the advantages of high energy density and long mileage.
Since December 2016, the state has adopted precision subsidy support policy, ternary lithium battery shipments have increased significantly. From 2018 to the first half of 2020, China's ternary lithium battery market continued to climb, from 54 % to 72%, while the proportion of lithium iron phosphate battery installed dropped from 37%to 27 %.
Since the second half of 2020, lithium iron phosphate battery has made a comeback because of its safety characteristics. However, more market people believe that lithium iron phosphate battery has its particularly suitable application scenario is inevitable, but in the long run, high nickel and low cobalt polylithium is the future development trend.
In terms of cost, As the proportion of high nickel batteries increases, Decreased cost of battery pack materials per unit GWh cell, Especially for the higher cost of cobalt sulfate dependence will be reduced. Currently, ternary lithium batteries from the earliest NCM111, developed to NCM523(5(NCM622(6),(NCM712(7),(NCM811(8),(), The nickel content is higher than the ladder.
By 2030, the cost of high-nickel batteries will be comparable to, or even lower than, lithium iron phosphate batteries.
