What is a lithium iron phosphate battery? What is the difference between lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery?
Lithium battery is one of many battery types. But do you know about lithium iron phosphate batteries? Do you know the difference between lithium iron phosphate battery and lithium battery? If you want to find these answers, read on.
I. Lithium iron phosphate batteries
(i) Introduction
Lithium iron phosphate battery refers to lithium ion battery with lithium iron phosphate as cathode material. The cathode materials of lithium ion battery mainly include lithium cobalt, lithium manganese, lithium nickel, ternary, lithium iron phosphate and so on. Lithium cobalt is the cathode material used in most lithium ion batteries.
(ii) Advantages
1. lithium iron phosphate battery has a long life and a cycle life of more than 2000 times. Under the same conditions, lithium iron phosphate batteries can be used for 7 to 8 years.
2. safe to use. The lithium iron phosphate battery will not explode even in traffic accidents after strict safety tests.
3. charging fast. A special charger is used to charge 1.5 C for 40 minutes to fill the battery.
4. high temperature resistance of lithium iron phosphate battery, the hot air value of lithium iron phosphate battery can reach 350 to 500 degrees Celsius.
5. lithium iron phosphate battery has a large capacity. 6. lithium iron phosphate battery has no memory effect.
7. lithium iron phosphate battery green, non-toxic, pollution-free, raw materials from a wide range of cheap.
(iii) Shortcomings
The vibrational density of the positive electrode of 1. iron phosphate lithium battery is small, and the density is generally about 0.8 to 1.3. Big size.
2. poor electrical conductivity, slow lithium ion diffusion, high charge and discharge, the actual specific capacity is low.
3. low temperature performance of lithium iron phosphate battery is poor.
4. the life of a single battery of lithium iron phosphate battery is long, it is about 3500 times, but the life of lithium iron phosphate battery is short, generally about 2500 times.
(iv) Applications
Large electric vehicles: buses, electric vehicles, scenic spots tour vehicles and hybrid vehicles;
Light electric vehicles: electric bicycle, golf cart, small flat battery car, forklift, cleaning car, electric wheelchair;
Power tools: electric drill, chainsaw, lawn mower, etc;
Remote control of cars, boats, aircraft and other toys;
Energy storage equipment for solar and wind power generation;
UPS and emergency lights, warning lights and mine lights (best safety);
Replace 3 V of disposable lithium batteries in the camera and 9 V of nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen rechargeable batteries (identical in size);
Small medical equipment and portable instruments, etc.
II. Lithium batteries
(i) Introduction
Lithium battery is a kind of battery with lithium metal or lithium alloy as negative electrode material and using non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Because of the very active chemical characteristics of lithium metal, the processing, preservation and use of lithium metal make the environmental requirements very high. Therefore, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have become the mainstream.
(ii) Advantages
1. energy is high. High storage energy density, has reached 460-600 Wh/kg, about 6-7 times the lead acid battery;
2. service life is long, the service life can reach more than 6 years, the lithium ferrous phosphate is the positive electrode battery 1 C (100 DOD) charge and discharge, has the record which can use 10000 times;
3. rated voltage is high (the single working voltage is 3.7 V or 2 V), which is about equal to the series voltage of three nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen rechargeable batteries, which is convenient to form battery power supply group. Lithium battery can adjust voltage to 3.0 through a new technology of lithium battery voltage regulator to suit the use of small appliances;
4. has high power bearing capacity, among which the lithium iron phosphate lithium ion battery used in electric vehicle can reach the capacity of 15-30 C charge and discharge, which is convenient for high strength start-up acceleration;
5. self-discharge rate is very low, this is one of the most outstanding advantages of the battery, generally can be less than 1/ month, less than 1/20 of the nickel-hydrogen battery;
6. light weight, the same volume weight of about 1/6-1/5 of lead acid products;
7. high and low temperature adaptability, can be used in -20℃-60℃ environment, after process treatment, can be used in -45℃ environment;
8. green environmental protection, regardless of production, use and scrap, do not contain, do not produce any lead, mercury, cadmium and other toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances.
9. production basically does not consume water, for the lack of water in China, very favorable. Specific energy refers to energy per unit weight or unit volume. Specific energy is expressed in Wh/kg or Wh/L. Wh is the unit of energy, W is tile, h is hour; kg is kilogram (unit of weight), and L is liter (unit of volume).
(iii) Shortcomings
lithium primary batteries have poor safety and risk of explosion. Lithium ion batteries 2. lithium cobalt can not discharge at high current, which is expensive and has poor safety. 3. lithium ion batteries need to protect the line to prevent the battery from being overcharged and discharged. 4. production requirements are high and the cost is high. 5. use conditions are limited, high and low temperature use is dangerous.
Application field
1, traffic power supply
2, power storage power supply
3, mobile communication power supply
4, new energy storage power supply 5, aerospace military power supply
III. Difference between lithium iron phosphate battery and lithium battery
Lithium iron phosphate batteries and lithium batteries are different.
1. lithium iron phosphate battery is used as lithium ion secondary battery. Now the main direction is power battery, which has great advantage over NI-H,Ni-Cd battery.
2. lithium battery is a kind of battery with lithium metal or lithium alloy as cathode material and using non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The chemical characteristics of lithium metal are very active, which makes the processing, preservation and use of lithium metal very high environmental requirements.
3. lithium iron phosphate puncture does not catch fire does not explode, lithium battery will.
4. lithium iron phosphate overcharge to 100% will not fire and explode; lithium batteries reach the specified value will gas expansion.
